Childhood Intussusception after Introduction of Indigenous Rotavirus Vaccine: Hospital-Based Surveillance Study from Odisha, India.

Pradhan SK

Pradhan SK(1), Dash M(2), Ray RK(3), Mohakud NK(4), Das RR(5), Satpathy SK(1), Chaudhury J(2), Prusty JB(2), Padhi PS(6), Mohanty SK(7), Das M(8), Reddy N S(9), Nayak MK(10).
Author information:
(1)Department of Pediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
(2)Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences
(IMS) and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
(3)Department of Pediatrics, SPARSH Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
(4)Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences
(KIMS), Deemed to be Unversity, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India. [Email]
(5)Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
(6)Rotavirus Vaccine Impact Study
(RVIS), SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
(7)Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences
(KIMS), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
(8)Department of Health, KISS Hospital, KISS University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
(9)The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
(10)Department of Pediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences
(KIMS), Deemed to be Unversity, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.

https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03627-y

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of intussusception in children < 2 y of age, postintroduction of Rotavac® (an indigenous oral rotavirus vaccine). METHODS: A multicenter hospital-based surveillance was conducted in Odisha from February 2016 to June 2019. The cases were diagnosed according to Brighton level-1 criteria. Data were collected regarding the time of onset, signs and symptoms, radiological diagnosis, management, complications, and outcome (discharged/died). RESULTS: One hundred and twenty children < 2 y of age were enrolled. The median age was 7 mo (M:F ratio = 2:1). The most common clinical feature was abdominal distention and blood in stool. The most common method for treatment was hydrostatic/pneumatic reduction. Median time (days) between symptom onset and admission was 2. Median (IQR) duration (days) of hospitalization was 5. Most common location of intussusceptions was ileo-colic. CONCLUSIONS: Hydrostatic/pneumatic reduction was possible in the majority presenting ≤ 48 h of symptom onset, and those presenting > 48 h mostly required surgical reduction. Intestinal resection was required in some cases presenting on day 5 of symptom onset. Majority of cases were managed by surgical reduction in Government facility.