Vulichi SR(1), Kabra A(2), Kumar R(3), Suman K(4), Rao CV(5), Cruz-Martins N(6). Author information:
(1)Sri Venkateswara University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S V
University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Biological Sciences,
BITS, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana, India.
(2)School of Pharmacy, Raffles University, Neemrana, Alwar, Rajasthan, India.
(3)CDSCO, FDA Bhawan, New Delhi, India.
(4)Department of Biological Sciences, BITS, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana,
India. Electronic address: [Email]
(5)Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
(6)Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro,
4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Institute for research and Innovation in Heath (i3S),
University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Laboratory of
Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University
of Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: [Email]
Glitazones are synthetic derivatives of thiazolidinedione, and are designated as oral anti-diabetic agents, primarily acting on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) receptors and driving some crucial metabolic pathways linked to glucose and lipid metabolism at transcriptional level. Despite presenting adverse effects, including weight gain, fluid retention, prostate hyperplasia, hyperinsulinemia, and myocardial infarction, they are still preferred in clinical settings due to their utmost efficacy and selectivity. However, these complications kept glitazones restrained for long-term usage. The present review briefly highlights some important synthetic derivatives of thiazolidine2,4-dione and emphasizes the influence of various structural manipulations on their bio-efficacy.
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