An Overview on the Organic Contaminants

Moustafa Gamal Snousy, Thanaa Abdel-Moghny, El-Sayed, E.

Elisa Terzaghi(elisa.terzaghi@uninsubria.it)

Moustafa Gamal Snousy, An Overview on the Organic Contaminants(2016)SDRP Journal of Earth Sciences & Environmental Studies 1(2)

Pollution can be defined as the introduction of elements, compounds or energy into the environment at levels that impair its functioning or that present an unacceptable risk to humans or other targets that use or linked to that environment. Soils may affect the hydrosphere compromising the quality of drinking water resources and threatening the aquatic ecosystems. When the problem of groundwater pollution began to be discovered, the initial approach to remediation was based on the assumption that most of contamination was actually in the soil at the site of the spill; from where it was reasoned that the contaminated soil could be treated, and also contaminated water.

1. Nathanail CP, Earl N. Human health risk assessment: guideline values and magic numbers. In: Hester RE, Harrison RM (eds) Assessment and reclamation of contaminated land. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2001; pp 85?102.

   View Article           

2. Scullion J. Remediating polluted soils. Naturwissenschaften. 2006; 93: 51?65. PMid:16468025

   View Article      PubMed/NCBI     

3. Winterhalder K. Environmental degradation and rehabilitation of the landscape around Sudbury, a major mining and smelting area. Environ Rev. 1996; 4: 185?224.

   View Article           

4. Helmisaari HS, Derome J, Fritze H, Nieminen T, Palmgren K, Salemaa M, VanhaMajamaa I. Copper in Scots pine forests around a heavy-metal smelter in south-western Finland. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1995; 85: 1727?1732.

   View Article           

5. Siebe C. Heavy metal availability to plants in soils irrigated with wastewater from Mexico City. Water Sci Technol. 1996; 32: 29?34. 00135-7

   View Article           

6. Collins C, Laturnus F, Nepovim A. Remediation of BTEX and trichloroethene-current knowledge with special emphasis on phytoremediation. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2002; 9: 86?94.

   View Article           

7. vanBrummelen TC, vanGestel CAM, Verweij RA. Long-term toxicity of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the terrestrial isopods Oniscus asellus and Porcellio scaber. Environ Toxicol Chem. 1996; 15: 1199?1210.

   View Article           

8. Hall CW, Johnson JA. Limiting Factors in Ground Water Remediation. J Haz Mat. 1992; 32: 215-223. 85093-G

   View Article           

9. Khater AR. Intensive Groundwater Use in the Middle East and North Africa, in Intensive Use of Groundwater Challenges and Opportunities, Llamas R. and Custodio E. (editors), A. A. Balkema Publishers. 2001. PMCid:PMC98467

10. Tan KH. Inorganic soil constituents. Environmental soil science. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. 2000; p. 28?79. link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1008291130109

11. Volkering F, Breure AM, Rulkens W.H. Microbiological aspects of surfactant use for biological soil remediation. Biodegradation. 1998; 8: 401?417.

    View Article           

12. Mercer JW, Cohen RM. A review of immiscible fluids in the subsurface: Properties, models characterization and remediation, J Contam Hyd. 1990; 6: 107-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(90)90043-G

    View Article           

13. Looney B, Falta R. (Eds.). Vadose Zone. Science and Technology Solutions. Battelle Press, Columbus, Richland. 2000; p. 1465.

14. LaGrega DM, Buckingham PL, Evans JC. Hazardous Waste Management. In: King, P.H., Elianssen, R., (Consulting Eds.) The Environmental Resources Management Group. Mc- Graw-Hill International edn., Civil Engineering Series. Singapore. 1994; 1146p: ISBN 0-07-113454-9.

15. Schwille F. Dense Chlorinated Solvents in Porous and Fractured Media. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, ML. 1988.

16. Palmer CD, Johnson RL. Volatlization and Gas-Phase Transport. In: Site Characterization for Subsurface Remediation. 1991; EPA/625/4-91/026, 259 pp.

17. Chatzis I, Kuntamukkula MS, Morrow NR. Effect of Capillary Number on the Microstructure of Residual Oil in Strongly Water-Wet Sandstones. SPE Res. Eng. 1988; 3(3): 902-912.

    View Article           

18. Wilson JL, Conrad SH, Mason, WR, Peplinski W, Hagan E. Laboratory Investigations of Residual Liquid Organics from Spills, Leaks, and Disposal of Hazardous Wastes in Groundwater. EPA/600/6-90/004, U.S. EPA, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1990.

19. Li Y, Wardlaw NC. The Influence of Critical Pore-Throat Size Ratio on Snap-Off. J. Col. Inter. Sci. 1986; 109(2): 461-472. 90324-3

    View Article           

20. Melrose JC, Brandner CF. Role of Capillary Forces in Determining Microscopic Displacement Efficiency for Oil Recovery by Water flooding. J Can Petrol. Tech. 1974; 54-62. PMid:4532109

    PubMed/NCBI     

21. Mackay D. In: Calabrese EJ, Kostecki PT, Fleis-cher EJ. (Eds.). The Chemistry and Modeling of Soil Contamination with Petroleum, Soils Contaminated by Petroleum: Environmental and Public Health Effects. Wiley, New York. 1985.

22. Tsai YJ, Chou FC, Cheng S.J. Using tracer technique to study the flow behavior of surfactant foam. J Haz Mat. 2009; 30:166 (2-3), 1232-1237.

23. Keith LH, Telliard, WA, Priority pollutants: I?A perspective view. Environ Sci Technol. 1979; 13: 416?423.

    View Article           

24. USEPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Treatability studies under CERCLA: an overview. OSWER Directive 9380.3-02FS. 1987.

25. USEPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Performance Monitoring of MNA Remedies for VOCs in Ground Water. EPA/600/R-04/027. 2004.

26. Yong RN, Mohamed AMO, Warkentin BP. Principles of contaminant transport in soils. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier. 1992.

27. Petitgirard A, Djehiche M, Persello J, Fievet P, Fatin-Rouge N. PAH contaminated soil remediation by reusing an aqueous solution of cyclodextrins. Chemosphere. 2009; 75: 714?718. PMid:19251300

    View Article      PubMed/NCBI     

28. Gallego JLR, Loredo J, Llamas JF, V?zquez, F, S?nchez J. Bioremediation of diesel-contaminated soils: evaluation of potential in situ techniques by study of bacterial degradation. Biodegradation. 2001; 12: 325?335. PMid:11995826

    View Article      PubMed/NCBI     

29. Droy BF, Randies SJ. In synthetic lubricants and high-performance functional fluids, Eds., L.R. Rudnick and R.L. Shubkin, 2nd Edition (Revised and Expanded), Marcel Dekker, New York, Chapter 34. 1999.

30. Pirro DM, Wessol AA. (Lubrication Fundamentals, Second Edition, Marcel Dekker, New York. 2001.

31. Dreisbach RH. Handbook of Poisoning: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment, Thirteenth Edition. Drawer L, las altois, Califorinia, USA. 704 pp. 1980.

32. Paria S. Surfactant-enhanced remediation of organic contaminated soil and water. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 2008; 138: 24?58. PMid:18154747

    View Article      PubMed/NCBI     

33. DOE, (United States Department of Energy). Used Oil Re-refining Study to Address Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1838. 2006.

34. USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Code of Federal Regulations: Standards for the Management of Used Oil. accessed August 28, 2008 at .

    View Article           

35. USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Managing Used Oil: Advice for Small Businesses. accessed August 19, 2008 at .

    View Article           

36. Dominguez-Rosado E, Pichtel J. Chemical Characterization of Fresh, Used, and Weathered Motor Oil via GC/MS, NMR, and FTIR Techniques. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Sciences. 2003; 12(2): 109-116.

37. Lansdown AR. Lubrication and Lubricant Selection, A Practical Guide, Third Edition. Professional Engineering Publishing Limited, London and Bury St Edmunds, UK. 285 pp. 2004.

38. Colombani, N., Mastrocicco, M., Gargini, A., Davis, G.B., Prommer, H., Modelling the fate of styrene in a mixed petroleum hydrocarbon plume. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. 2009; 105: 38?55. PMid:19117639

    View Article      PubMed/NCBI     

39. Marttinen SK, Kettunen RH, Rintala JA. Occurrence and removal of organic pollutants in sewages and landfill leachates. Sci Total Environ. 2003; 301: 1-12. 00302-9

    View Article           

40. Bamforth SM, Singleton I. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: current knowledge and future directions. J Chem Technol Biot. 2005; 80: 723?736.

    View Article           

41. Tiehm A, Stieber M, Werner P, Frimmel F. Surfactant-enhanced mobilization and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in manufactured gas plant soil. Env Sci Technol. 1997; 31: 2570?2576.

    View Article           

42. Pankow JF, Cherry JA. Dense Chlorinated Solvents and other DNAPLs in Groundwater: History, Behavior, and Remediation. Waterloo Press, Ontario. 1996; pp. 337-506.