Department of Nephrology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), No 1, Ramachandra Nagar Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India. Electronic address: [Email]
Malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome (MICS), hyperhomocysteinemia, calcium and phosphate levels derangement have been predicted as important contributing factors for the progression of cardiovascular burden. Among patients with earlier stage of CKD, hypoalbuminaemia and inflammation deliberated as non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors, which add more burden to circulatory disease, mortality and rapid advancement to CKD stage 5.
